{"id":8135,"date":"2026-05-06T10:20:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T05:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artived.ru\/?p=8135"},"modified":"2026-05-06T10:29:18","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T05:29:18","slug":"%d1%82%d1%80%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b9-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b3-%d0%b6%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b9-%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b4%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artived.ru\/?p=8135","title":{"rendered":"\u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>\u0418\u0437 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442\u044b \u00ab\u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c\u00bb 18 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430:<\/b><b><br \/><\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212; \u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0435 \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0431\u044c\u0451\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u043c. \u00ab\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0435 \u2013 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u00bb, \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u041a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0428\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0451\u0432\u044b, \u0415\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0415\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0431\u0435 \u043d\u0430 120%.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8136\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"236\" height=\"149\" \/><\/p>\n<h5><b>22 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1942 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430:<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041f\u043e-\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0435 \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb. \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u00ab\u0427\u0422\u0417\u00bb \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 18 \u0433\u0430, \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b 11 \u0433\u0430, \u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449 \u041a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043f\u043e 17 \u0433\u0430.<\/p>\n<h5><b>24 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430:<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0447\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0432 \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u041d\u0430 20 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0435 42% \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u043a 21 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0441\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437 \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 1500 \u043f\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430.<\/p>\n<h5><b>25 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1942 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430:<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438\u00a0 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb\u00a0 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438 6 \u043f\u0430\u0440 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043a, 30 \u043f\u0430\u0440 \u0442\u0451\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0446, 34 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432, 60 \u043e\u0432\u0447\u0438\u043d, 500 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e-\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044e \u043d\u0430 2200 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<h5><b>\u0418\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 <\/b><b>\u041a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/b><b> (\u0415\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439) \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b 1929 \u0433.\u0440.<\/b><b><br \/><\/b><\/h5>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8137\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-244x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"244\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-244x300.png 244w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2.png 501w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 244px) 100vw, 244px\" \/>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e 300 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433. 100 \u044f\u0438\u0446, 400 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438, 40 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0430 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0418 \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043c\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e, \u0430 \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u2013 \u0434\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e.\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c 9 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f 101 \u0433\u043e\u0434.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u044b\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u2013 100 \u043b\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u041b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0434 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u2013 94 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u2013 94 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u2013 91 \u0433\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\n<p>\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0417\u043e\u044f \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u2013 93 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u2013 93 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u2013 93 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0411\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0410\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u2013 88 \u043b\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<h5><b>\u0418\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b (1901-1995 <\/b><b>\u0433.\u0440<\/b><b>)<br \/><\/b><\/h5>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8138\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a3-247x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"247\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a3-247x300.jpg 247w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a3.jpg 449w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\" \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446, \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0435\u044f\u043b\u043a\u0438. \u0410 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0432\u043e\u0449\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0451\u043a\u043b\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443, \u043e\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0446\u044b, \u043c\u043e\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c. \u041b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f: \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b, \u044f\u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b. \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<h5><b>\u0418\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 (1912-1993 \u0433.\u0440)<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8139\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a4-221x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a4-221x300.jpg 221w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a4.jpg 449w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 221px) 100vw, 221px\" \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0451\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0435. \u0412 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0434\u044c \u0433\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0411\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e, \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0435, \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0451\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0448\u043a\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<h5><b>\u0418\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 (\u041b\u0430\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439) \u0412\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0418\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 (1906-1992 \u0433.\u0440.)<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8140\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a5-2-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a5-2-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a5-2.jpg 473w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u042f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u041a\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e 50 \u043a\u0433, \u0442\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u043e. \u0414\u0430 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438, \u0441\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0451\u0448\u044c, \u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0448\u044c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0412\u0441\u0451 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0443, \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n<h5><b>\u0421\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0428\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044b \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b (1925 \u0433.\u0440.)<\/b><\/h5>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"543\" height=\"811\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a7-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8141\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a7-1.jpg 543w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a7-1-201x300.jpg 201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 543px) 100vw, 543px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"484\" height=\"785\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a8.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a8.jpg 484w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a8-185x300.jpg 185w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"689\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a10-1-1024x689.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8143\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a10-1-1024x689.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a10-1-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a10-1-768x516.jpg 768w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a10-1.jpg 1160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"945\" height=\"783\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a9.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a9.jpg 945w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a9-300x249.jpg 300w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a9-768x636.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5><b>\u0421\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 <\/b><b>\u0412\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/b><b> \u0417\u043e\u0438 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b<\/b><\/h5>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"534\" height=\"802\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a11-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a11-3.jpg 534w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a11-3-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>\u0417\u043e\u044f \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 (\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443) \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043c\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"918\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a13-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a13-1.jpg 803w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a13-1-262x300.jpg 262w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a13-1-768x878.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"532\" height=\"879\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a12.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a12.jpg 532w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a12-182x300.jpg 182w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 532px) 100vw, 532px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0417\u043e\u0438 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u044b\u043d\u0430<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"858\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a15-1-1024x858.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a15-1-1024x858.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a15-1-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a15-1-768x643.jpg 768w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a15-1.jpg 1040w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0422\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u044e \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0443. \u0422\u044b\u043b \u0438 \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u2013 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u041c\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u2013 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b! \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0432\u0438!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0438. \u0418\u043c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f! \u041d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b \u2013 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430! \u041d\u0430\u043c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c, \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c!<\/p>\n<p>\u0411\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432!<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438<\/b><\/h5>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a17-1-1024x551.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a17-1-1024x551.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a17-1-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a17-1-768x413.jpg 768w, https:\/\/artived.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a17-1.jpg 1414w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" 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